NOTE TO CD OWNERS:
This on-line manual was created for the original 
floppy version.  Please disregard any reference to 
"install floppies" as your program is now on compact 
disc.

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IN ANY REFERENCE TO A CONTROL PANEL OR
 STATION, PLEASE SEE THE MEGAFORTRESS
ILLUSTRATIONS LOCATED WITHIN THE PRINTED
MANUAL

QUICK START
For those few novice mission commanders who are 
impatient with more prudent approaches to learning, 
we offer the following step-by-step directions for 
getting the EB-52 Megafortress off the ground as 
quickly as possible, and an invitation to return to this 
manual if and when frustration finally overcomes 
impatience.

Note
By flying each of the Red Flag training missions and 
reading the accompanying descriptions in "Red 
Flag", crews will practice every maneuver 
necessary to the successful completion of the Persian 
Gulf and Old Dog missions.

This "quick start" mission is divided into four parts:  
Starting the game, taking off, flying to each of the 
waypoints of the mission, and landing.  If along the 
way the crew manages to hit a few targets-that's a 
bonus.  Survival equals success under these 
circumstances.

But while it may be possible to explain such a 
simplified process, there is no guarantee that an 
inexperienced crew will be able to accomplish it 
because the actions of any enemy encountered along 
the way may serve to bring such a "quick start" to a 
quick finish.

STARTING MEGAFORTRESS

1)  Install the program on a hard disk, following the 
directions provided in the separate piece.

2)  Load the program, again following the directions 
provided.

3)  Take time to learn how to make selections by 
via mouse or keyboard.  (It is highly recommended
that a mouse be used to operate the EB-52 
Megafortress.).

4)  Register for your mission in one of the following 
ways:

	a)  Select an active pilot in the registration 
screen and choose SELECT.

	b)  Select the name of a pilot you want to 
replace, select REPLACE, and type in the 	name of 
your pilot.  Tap <Return>.

5)  Select MISSIONS on the Main Menu.

6)  Choose SELECT on the Mission Selection pop-up 
menu.

7)  Select the geographic area in which you want to 
fly your mission-Red Flag (Nevada) Persian Gulf, or 
Flight of the Old Dog-and then choose SELECT.  (It 
is highly recommended that new crew members begin 
with the Red Flag missions.)

8)  Select a mission on the scrolling list (scroll the list 
with the up or down arrows on the side of the list) and 
choose SELECT.

9)  If you select a Red Flag training mission, make 
sure that the aircraft is filled to capacity with fuel by 
checking the Weight panel in the Loadout screen.  
Fuel plus any ordnance loaded should total 
192,000 lbs.  If total weight is less, add fuel by 
selecting the "+" symbol next to the FUEL readout 
until the total stops increasing.

10)  Select DONE of the MODE menu in the Loadout 
screen.

TAKEOFF

1)  Go to the copilot station by selecting the COPLT 
light in the interphone panel at the lower left corner 
of the pilot station.

2)  Turn on the two battery switches (the engines will 
not start without battery power).

3)  Return to the pilot station by selecting the PLT 
light in the interphone panel.  .

4)  Select PRKNG BRAKE to set the parking brake.  
Its light will illuminate.

5)  Select the FLAPS l to extend flaps for takeoff.  
The percentage-extended hand will begin to move, 
extending the flaps in approximately 23 seconds.

6)  Switch the TAXI/LAND ratio switch at the 
bottom of the screen to LAND. 

7)  Select ALL, on the right side of the Pilot's 
instrument panel to turn on the engine-ready switches.  
All eight engine lights will illuminate.

8)  Switch the ENGINE START switch to C to ignite 
the starter cartridges.  The engine will start, and the 
PWR display will show 1%.

9)  Switch the ENGINE START back to F, to channel 
electrical power to the aircraft's systems during flight.

10)  Increase power in all engines to 100% by 
selecting "+," to the right of the PWR display.

11)  Select PRKNG BRAKE to release the parking 
brake.

12)  When the speed indicator to the left of the Pilot's 
EVS reads 200 kts, lift off by using the down arrow 
on the keyboard to pitch the nose of the aircraft up at 
an angle of 5%.  The current pitch angle is displayed 
in the Artificial Horizon indicator, to the left of the 
Pilot's EVS.

13)  Select "UP" on the GEAR panel to raise the 
landing gear.  (Gear will be damaged if extended at 
speeds exceeding 375 kts.)

14)  Select the FLAPS indicator dial to retract the 
flaps.  (Flaps will be damaged if extended at speeds 
exceeding 450 kts.)

15)  When the aircraft reaches an altitude of 1000 
feet, select the AP or autopilot light in the warning 
panel at the far left side of the pilot station.  The 
automatic flight control system (FCS) will take 
control of the aircraft and direct it toward the first 
mission waypoint.  (You can override the FCS at any 
time by steering manually.  Use the left-and right-
arrow keys to turn the aircraft left or right; use the 
down-and up-arrow keys to climb or descend.  When 
you release the keys, the FCS will reassume control.)

16)  Decrease power to 85% by selecting "-," to the 
left of the PWR display.

THE MISSION

After you are airborne and en route to the first 
waypoint, you will have to deal with four types of 
events (aside from the final challenge of landing):  
inflight refueling (Persian Gulf and Flight of the Old 
Dog only), identification, enemy attack, and target 
destruction.

INFLATE REFUELING 

In the Persian Gulf and Flight of the Old Dog 
missions, you will always need to replace the fuel use 
during take off in order to complete the mission.  
Please take a moment to refer to "Flight Procedures:  
Inflight Refueling."

Note
If you select one of the Red Flag training missions, 
you must add additional fuel during Loadout 
selection to complete the mission.  Red Flag mission 
#4 is designed purely as an exercise in inflight 
refueling.

IDENTIFICATION

At some point during each mission, the aircraft will 
be contacted by friendly Air Traffic Control (ATC) 
and asked to identify itself.  The message will appear 
in the Message Display Line at the bottom of the 
screen.  Identification is accomplished fro the Copilot 
station as follows:

1)  Switch the Transponder switch to STBY.  .

2)  The first two digits on the transponder are 
automatically adjusted to match the 2-digit code 
transmitted by ground control.

3)  The numbers transmitted to the EB-52 correspond 
to one of the 2-digit page numbers in this manual.  
Locate that page and note the 2-digit code in 
parentheses to the right of the page number.

4)  Enter the 2-digit code into the last two numbers of 
the transponder by selecting the arrows to the left of 
each number.

5)  Switch the transponder switch from STDBY to 
ON.

6)  Select the IDENT button.  When the REPLY light 
flashes, identification has been correctly made.

WARNING
Failure to identify correctly will result in the 
destruction of the aircraft by friendly fire.

CAUTION
The transponder should remain on as long as the 
aircraft remains in friendly airspace, but be turned 
OFF before entering enemy territory.  The set 
transmits UHF radio waves and will attract 
immediate attention from enemy ground installations.  
The UHF warning light on the pilot's screen 
illuminates when the transponder is on.

ENEMY ATTACK

Enemy attacks come either from the ground or air, 
and you have three options in dealing with them:

1)  Fly as low as possible, using features in the terrain 
to evade the pursuer.

2)  Evade or disrupt attacks using countermeasures 
available at the EW station.  These include active 
jamming of enemy radars and infrared tracking 
systems, dispensing chaff and flares to confuse enemy 
missiles, and disrupting enemy communications.

Complete information on the use of these defensive 
systems is included in "Electron Warfare Station."

3)  Counterattack using weapons available at the OW 
station.  Enemy aircraft can be attacked, ground-
based radars and missile installations eliminated, 
enemy airfields rendered unusable, and so on using 
the OW systems.

Complete information on the use of these offensive 
systems is included in "Offensive Weapons Station."

TARGET DESTRUCTION

Mission targets can include anything from buildings 
and bridges to enemy radars and airfield.  Review the 
targets at any time by going to the navigator station 
and changing the Mode Select Switch to NAV> 

The preprogramming waypoints of each mission are 
located at or near the mission targets.  As you approach 
each waypoint, go to the OW station and search for 
the target by using the OW monitor either in SCAN 
(for radar-emitting targets) or CAMERA (for 
buildings, bridges, etc.) mode.

As described in "Enemy Attack" above, different 
targets require different weapons and delivery 
techniques.  

LANDING

For a complete description of landing procedures, 
please refer to "Flight Procedures:  Landing."

STATIONS

There are five crew stations and one external camera 
observation station in the aircraft, each with its own 
special instrument, displays, and functions.  In 
addition, five common, or "multi-station" instruments 
are located at every station.

MULTI-STATION INSTRUMENTS

Clock
.  .

1)  GMT is Greenwich Mean Time.

2)  ETA is the aircraft's estimated time of arrival at 
the next waypoint at the current speed.

3)  START/RESET operated a stopwatch.  This 
instrument can be particularly useful during bombing 
runs.

Compass
.  .

The compass displays magnetic direction and cannot 
be damaged.

Message Display Line

The bottom margin of the screen displays all 
messages transmitted by interphone between crew 
members, and all communication to the aircraft from 
ground controllers and airborne surveillance systems.

Interphone Panel
.

Click any light on the Interphone Panel to go to one 
of the Megafortress stations.

1)  If a light is on and steady, it indicates the station 
currently show.

2)  If a light is flashing, its corresponding station 
requires attention.

3)  If the INTERPHONE switch at the copilot's 
station (please see "Copilot Station,") is 
turned off, the panel will not operate.

Warning Panel
.

The warning panel is make up of four lights-one 
selector light and three warning lights.

1)  AP (autopilot):  When the autopilot selector light 
is selected, the aircraft's digital automatic Flight 
Control System (FCS) automatically flies the aircraft 
along the programmed course of waypoints, 
Temporary waypoints, and altitudes set at the 
navigator's station (please see "Navigator Station: 
MAP Panel,").  The FCS can be 
overridden manually at any time, but reassumes 
command immediately when manual control is 
relinquished.

2)  LA (low altitude):  The LA warning light flashes 
when the airplane descends below the altitude set on 
the terrain avoidance computer (TAC), even if the 
TAC is not on.  (Please see "Pilot Station,".)

3)  ML )missile launch):  the ML warning light 
flashes when an infrared or radar-guided missile 
tracks the aircraft.  The ML warning light is saved to 
the EW Officer's Missile Launch warning light.  
(Please see "EW Station,").

4)  RO (radar on):  The RO warning light illuminates 
whenever the airplane's AN/APQ-166 active 
("attack") radar is on the OW Officer's station.

CAUTION
The active radar dramatically increases the radar 
cross section (RCS) of the aircraft (Please see 
"Stealth Modification,").

PILOT STATION
.

The pilot is the aircraft commander, and is 
responsible for the issuance of instructions governing 
all phases of flight operation, especially including 
takeoff, flying the aircraft, inflight refueling, damage 
control, and landing.

.

CHAFF Button

Select the CHAFF button to eject two chaff bundles-
one from each wing.  (Please see "Electronic Warfare 
Station.")

FUEL Light

The fuel light flashes when the aircraft has enough 
fuel remaining for 10 minutes of flight at the 
maximum power setting; the light stops flashing and 
burns steadily when there is enough fuel remaining 
for 5 minutes of flight.  (Please see "Fuel" under 
"Copilot Station".)

DRS Light

The DRS light illuminates when the bomb bay doors 
are opened.  Flying with the bomb bay doors open 
increases RCS and slows the airplane.  (Please see 
"OW Station: Master Bomb Control," this chapter, 
and "Stealth Modifications".)

UHF Light

The UHF light illuminates when UHF signals are 
being generated by the aircraft.  Such signals 
generally come from the Copilot's transponder.

OIL Light

The oil warning light illuminates when one or more of 
the engines is low on oil.  The oil light generally 
indicates that engine trouble is about to occur, or is 
occurring.

AIR REFUEL Panel  (Please see "Inflight 
Refueling")

C Light
Select the "C" contact light to lock onto a refueling 
tanker's radar signal.  The signal must be selected in 
the pilot EVS radar (please see "EVS," below) and 
the FCS (please see "Warning Pane:  AP," above) 
must be on for the EB-52 to automatically redirect its 
fight path toward the tanker in preparation for 
rendezvous.  (Please see "Inflight Refueling,", and try
Red Flag training mission #4)

RDY Light

The ready light illuminates when the EB-52 has 
successfully rendezvoused with a refueling tanker.  
Fueling can begin.

DRS Light

Select the refueling DRS light to open the slipway 
doors and begin inflight refueling.  

System Alert Panel

H
The hydraulic system warning light flashes when the 
aircraft hydraulic system in malfunctioning.  (Please 
see "Copilot Station," this chapter, and "Damage 
Control".)

E
The electrical system warning light flashes when the 
aircraft electrical system is malfunctioning.  (Please 
see "Copilot Station," this chapter, and "Damage 
Control".)

F
The flight systems warning light flashes in response 
to a variety of flight-oriented problems.  (Please see 
"TAXI/LAND Ratio Switch," this chapter, and 
"Damage Control")

Digital Altimeter

The digital indicator monitors the AN/APN-224 radar 
altimeter and registers altitude above ground level 
(AGL) in feet.

Analog Altimeter

The analog altitude indicator registers altitude above 
sea level.  The black hand indicates 100s of feet; the 
red hand indicates 1000s of feet.

WARNING

It is important to note the difference between the two 
altitude indicators.  Generally the digital altimeter is 
the more important instrument of the two to the pilot, 
as it records the current distance between the aircraft 
and the ground.  The analog indicator is useful in its 
graphic representation of changes in altitude.

Artificial Horizon Indicator

The lines on the Artificial Horizon indicate the degree 
of roll, from side to side' the numbers indicate the 
degree of pitch, forward and back.

EVS OFF/ON Switch

The EVS OFF/ON switch must be turned on for any 
of the electro-optical viewing system (EVS) functions 
to operate.

EVS RANGE/RDR mode switch

1)  In RDR mode, the pilot's EVS monitor displays 
information from either the EW station's passive 
radar, or the OW station active radar if the OW radar 
is operating in "attack" mode.  (Please see EW and 
OW stations.)

2)  In RANGE mode, the EVS presents a low-
resolution display of the world ahead of 
Megafortress.  Features include:  .

A)  Low-resolution profile of the terrain between the 
aircraft and a line 10, 20, or 40 miles distant-
depending on the range currently set in the Radar 
panel at the Navigator's station.

B)  "Batwing" symbol representing the EB-52, 
showing its altitude relative to the horizon line.

C)  Two short lines on the right-hand margin of the 
monitor, indication the lowest and highest levels of 
terrain between airplane and the horizon line.  (These 
are often together at the bottom of the EVS, 
indication flat, featureless terrain.)

D)   Terrain Avoidance Computer (TAC) interface.  
The TAC can be turned on and off (by selecting the 
word ON or OFF) and set to any altitude between 108 
and 1085 feet (by selecting the + or - sign).  When the 
TAC is turned on, the aircraft will maintain the 
selected altitude AGL, overriding the programmed 
waypoint altitude if the autopilot is on, or 
automatically whenever manual control of the 
airplane is relinquished.  (Please see "Terrain 
Referenced Navigation,".)

NOTE

Whether or not the TAC is turned on, when 
something in the approaching terrain is less than 15 
miles away and higher than the altitude selected on 
the TAC, the Low Altitude (LA) warning light 
flashes.  
If the TAC is turned on, the airplane will fly up and 
over the obstruction unless overridden manually.

WARNING
The TAC, when  presented with an abrupt vertical 
obstruction, will attempt to maintain the programmed 
altitude by putting the aircraft into a steep climb.  
Without sufficient power to maintain the climb, the 
aircraft will stall.  At the low altitudes maintained by 
the TAC, this would be extremely hazardous.

PRKNG BRKE selector

1)  If the parking brake is on while the airplane is on 
the ground, the plane will not move.

2)  If the parking brake is on while the plane is 
airborne with landing fear down, the F (flight 
systems) warning light will flash.

TAXI/LAND ratio switch

The steering ration selector mechanically limits 
ground-based steering angles for two conditions:  a 
taxi ratio allows the forward gear to be turned to a 
maximum angle of 55 degrees right or left of center during 
ground-based maneuvering; the second ration is used 
for takeoff and landing, restricting the turning angle 
to approximately 12 degrees left or right of center.

1)  If the switch is set to TAXI and speed is less than 
20 kts while the plane is on the ground, the plane can 
be steered with the same controls used to fly the plane 
in the air.

2)  If the switch is set to TAXI and speed exceeds 20 
kts while the plane is on the ground, the F(flight 
systems) warning light will flash and the course of the 
plane will be extremely difficult to control.

3)  If the switch is set to LAND and speed is less than 
20 kts while the plane is on the ground, the F(flight 
systems) warning light will flash and the plane will 
not turn.

In short, the TAXI/LAND ration switch should be set 
to LAND when taking off and landing, and to TAXI 
when the ground-based speed drops below 20 kts and 
maneuvering is necessary.  

GEAR UP/DN selector

The GEAR UP/DN selector raises and lowers the 
landing gear.

1)  If any engine drops to 10% power of less and he 
fear is NOT down, the engine's trouble light will flash 
until the engine is turned off.

2)  If the gear is down while the plane is in the air, the 
plane's speed will be reduce and its RCS will be 
increased.

3)  If speed exceeds 400 kts with the landing gear 
down, the gear will be damaged.

Engine Panel (right of EVS)

The engine panel has controls for starting and 
stopping the engines, as well as increasing and 
decreasing their power.  Lights corresponding to each 
engine indicate whether the engine is on, whether it is 
on fire, or whether some other trouble is affecting its 
performance.  (Please also see "Damage Control".)

For a complete description of the engine start 
procedure, please see "Flight Procedures,".

ENGINE START C/F

1)  To turn the engines on, either as a group or 
individually, the START switch must be in the F 
(flight) position.

A)  When the START switch is in the 
F(flight)position, the engines' electrical systems are 
turned on either as a group by selecting ALL, or 
individually by selecting each engine's light.

2)  After the engines (or engine) have been turned on, 
the STAT switch must be moved to the C (cartridge) 
position in order to ignite the engines.  Then the start 
switch should be returned to he F(flight) position.

3)  To restart an engine (or engines) in flight, the 
above sequence must be repeated, but only for those 
particular engines.  Do not use the ALL button except 
when all engines need to be started at the same time.

4)  When the start sequence is compete, the engines 
can be controlled individually by selecting one of the 
throttle handles at the bottom right corner of the 
instrument panel,  or as a group by selecting either the 
plus or minus sign alongside the digital PWR display.

CAUTION

Selecting ALL switches all the engines to the state 
opposite the current state of engine 1.  That is, if 
engine 1 is off, selecting  ALL turns all of the engines 
on and vice versa.

FIRE Lights

The engine fire lights flash if one or more of the 
engines is on fire, and stay lit if an engine is burnt 
out.

WARNING
Fire in one engine will spread to the other engine in 
the same nacelle, and to the next nacelle and so on if 
the engine is not turned off.  For example, fire in 
engine 2 will spread to engine 1, and on to engines 3 
and 4 if not stopped.  (Please see "Damage Control,".)

TROUBLE Lights

Trouble lights correspond to each engine.  A flashing 
trouble light can indicate any number of problems, 
including oil leaks and damage beyond the diagnostic 
powers of the aircraft computers.  Please see 
"Damage Control,".

FLAPS

1)  Flaps are extended by selecting the FLAPS 
indicator.

2)  It takes 21 seconds for the flaps to extend or be 
retracted.

3)  If the aircraft is on the ground and power exceeds 
75% with the flaps RETRACTED, the F(flight 
systems) and engine trouble warning lights flash.

4)  If the aircraft attempts to take off without the flaps 
fully extended, takeoff requires a longer run and 
higher speed.

AIR BRAKE

1)  When the airplane is in flight, selecting the air 
brake raises the wing spoilers on both wings, causing 
a dramatic decrease in speed.

COPILOT STATION
.

The Copilot is the deputy aircraft commander and 
assists the pilot in the proper flight of the aircraft.  
Inasmuch as fuel, electrical, hydraulic, pressurization, 
communications, and other systems are controlled by 
the copilot, he also acts as flight engineer.

HYDRAULIC CONTROL Panel

Note
Many of the EB-52's mechanical systems are 
operated hydraulically, including the landing gear, 
brakes, ground steering, flaps, spoilers, CSRL, 
rudders, bomb bay doors, and inflight refueling 
doors.  For a detailed description of the hydraulic 
system,  please see  "Megafortress Briefing:  
Hydraulic System,".

.

If engines 1,3,4,5,6 or 7 is off, its hydraulic pump is 
also off (engines 2 and 8 do not have hydraulic 
pumps.)  this results in the following conditions:

1)  The PUMP OUT light goes ON.

2)  The COPLT light on the Interphone Panel flashes 
at all other stations.

3)  The "H" warning light flashes at the pilot's station.

4)  If an engines 1,4,5, or 7 cannot be restarted, their 
electric standby pumps can be turned on by selecting 
the corresponding STDBY switch.

5)  Pumps for engines 3 and 6 operate the inboard 
spoilers.  If 3 and 6 are out, plane loses longitudinal 
roll capability. i.e.-it won't turn as fast.

6)  Pumps for engines 1 and 7 operate the outboard 
spoilers.  If 1 and 7 are out, the plane loses more 
longitudinal roll capability. 

7)  Pumps for engines 4 and 5 operate the landing 
gear and ground brakes.  If 4 and 5 are out and their 
standby pumps cannot be turned on, emergency 
electrical backup power for the standby pumps may 
be available through the copilot's EVS operating in 
INT mode (see below).  If supplying emergency 
power does not work, the pumps are damaged beyond 
repair.

Rudder/Elevator Hydraulics

Each of the two rudders on the plane's V-tail has its 
own system and backup.

1)  At least one must be turned on for the plane to 
turn or pitch up or down.

2)  If one rudder goes out due to excessive damage or 
the copilot turning it off, the plane gets harder to 
control.

3)  If both rudders are out-best of luck.

Batteries

Note

Two electrical distribution buses supply power to  the 
left and right sides of the aircraft.  Primary power is 
supplied by four engine-driven generators and 
constant-speed drives mounted on engines 1,3,5 and 
7.  for a detailed description of the electrical system, 
please see "EVS: ELEC Button," below, and 
"Megafortress Briefing:  Electrical System,".

1)  Both battery switches must be ON to start engines.

2)  After the engines have been started, battery 
switches should be turned OFF.

3)  If engines 1,3,5,and 7 begin to go out the load 
placed on the system may start to exceed available 
power, causing other systems to down in turn.  
Batteries must be turned ON to handle emergency-
priority circuits only, but every effort must be make 
to conserve power; battery capacity is limited to 20 
minutes of emergency power.

4)  If engines 1,3,5, and 7 all are out, batteries must 
be turned ON to supply dc to essential emergency 
systems (please see "Damage Control,".

LIGHT CONTROL Panel

There are three exterior and one interior light switch 
on the LIGHT CONTROL panel.

1)  When the mission begins the interior DOME light 
is always ON.  Turning off the DOME light turns the 
crew compartment lights out.

2)  There are three LDNG/TAXI lights mounted on 
the plane:  one halfway down each wing, and the third 
on the right forward landing gear.  These light up the 
runway ahead of the plane during landing and ground 
operations and aid air traffic control (ATC) in 
tracking the plane visually during takeoff and landing 
procedures. 

3)  The plane's NAV lights consist of four red and 
green beacons on the plane's left and right wingtips 
and two rudders, and three white beacons:  one on top 
of the fuselage and one to either side of the bomb bay 
doors.  They are visible from a great distance in clear 
weather and should be turned off in enemy airspace.

4)  Three ANTI-COLLISION lights, one on each side 
of the fuselage and one on the bottom of the fuselage, 
are used to safeguard against inflight collision.  They 
are visible from a great distance in clear weather and 
should be turned off in enemy airspace.

CABIN PRESSURE

A wing leading-edge manifold is the source for the 
airplane's bleed airsystem, which collects and routes 
high pressure hot air.  This bleed air is the power 
source for inflight engine starting and the air source 
for heating, cooling, and pressurizing the crew 
compartment.  A retractable ram airscoop located on 
the left side of the fuselage provides an emergency 
source of ram air for cooling and ventilation the crew 
compartment.

1)  At altitudes above 9,000 feet, cabin pressure 
switch must be turned to standard 7.45 PSI, or to 4.50 
PSI combat setting if severe changes in altitude are 
expected during rapid maneuvering.

2)  If the cabin pressure system is damaged or turned 
off at altitudes above 9,000 feet, complaints from the 
crew are broadcast on the interphone.

3)  Emergency cooling and ventilation can be 
provided by turning CABIN PRESSURE switch to 
RAM.

INTERPHONE

Interphone messages are broadcast via the Interphone 
panel at each station, and along the bottom edge of 
the display.  Messages from the AFSACOM system 
(please see "MF Briefing,"), the command 
radio and liaison radio systems, and crew members, 
are routed through the interphone to every station in 
the message display line.  A flashing light in the 
Interphone Panel (please see "Multi-station 
Instruments,") indicates that its corresponding 
station requires attention.

1)  The interphone switch must be ON for the 
message traffic to be routed to the Interphone panel, 
or to the bottom of the display.

TRANSPONDER

The AN/APX-64 IFF transponder is the airborne 
portion of a two-way link between the aircraft and 
ground radar installations.  The ground radar station 
sends an interrogation signal which is received by the 
aircraft; the aircraft transponder (reply system) replies 
with coded signals that are received on the ground 
and displayed on the radar scope as unique 
identification and altitude signals.  In addition the 
transponder contains provisions for transmission of 
an "identification of position" (IDENT) signal.

WARNING

Failure to identify the aircraft correctly when 
contacted by air traffic controllers will result in the 
destruction of the aircraft by friendly fire.

In the vicinity of the first waypoint or any other 
friendly radar site, the aircraft may be contacted by 
friendly ATC and identification requested.

1)  Switch the Transponder switch to STBY.

2)  The first two digits on the transponder are 
automatically adjusted to match the 2-digit code 
transmitted by ground control.

3)  The numbers transmitted to the EB-52 correspond 
to one of the 2-digit page numbers in this manual.  
Locate that page and note the 2-digit code in 
parentheses to the right of the page number.

5)  Switch the transponder switch from STDBY to 
ON.  

6)  Select the IDENT button.  when the REPLY light 
flashes, identification has been correctly made.

WARNING

The transponder should remain on as long as the 
aircraft remains in friendly airspace, but be turned 
OFF before entering enemy territory.  The set 
transmits UHF radio waves and will attract 
immediate attention from enemy ground installations.  
The UHF warning light on the  pilot's screen 
illuminates when the transponder is on.

EVS

The copilot's EVS operates in any of three modes:

RDR Mode:  In RDR mode, the copilot's EVS 
monitor displays information from either the EW 
station's passive radar, or the OW station active radar 
if the OW radar is operating in "attack" mode.  
(Please see "EW" and "OW" stations, this chapter.)

RNGE Mode:  When the copilot EVS is in RNGE 
mode, it is saved to the pilot's EVS in RANGE mode.

INT Mode:  When the copilot EVS is in INT mode, 
it provides control over the internal electrical and fuel 
systems.  In emergencies it is used to reset electrical 
and fuel systems.  In emergencies it is used to reset 
electrical circuits and transfer fuel.  (Please see 
"Damage Control,".)

ELEC button

.

When the ELEC button at the bottom of the EVS is 
selected, the screen allows control of each main ac 
generator, the left and right bus circuits, and the 
emergency dc power supply.

1)  If any of the circuits or generators needs to be 
reset for any reason, the COPLT lights on the 
Interphone Panel flashes at all other stations.  

2)  If any of the circuits or generators needs to be 
reset for any reason, the "E" warning light flashes at 
the pilot's station.

3)  If any of the main generator engines (1,3,5, or 7) 
is turned off, the corresponding status light in the 
second row of the EVS reads "BKUP", and backup 
electrical power is supplied automatically.

4)  If any of the main generators' engines (1,3,5, or 7) 
is damaged, the corresponding status light in the 
second row of the EVS reads "OUT" and the 
generator must be RESET manually by selecting the 
appropriate engine number in the third row of the 
EVS.

5)  If engines 1 and 3 are damaged together, then 

A)  Reset the LEFT BUS by selecting RESET in the 
fourth row of the EVS.

B)  Reset the generators by selecting the appropriate 
engine numbers in the third row of the EVS.

6)  If engines 5 and 7 are damaged together, then 

A)  Reset the RIGHT BUS by selecting RESET in the 
fifth row of the EVS.

B)  Reset the generators by selecting the appropriate 
engine numbers in the third row of the EVS.

7)  If the electrical system fails and cannot be reset, 
the EMERG DC system should be turned ON by 
selecting EMERG from the sixth row of the EVS.  
(This procedure is especially important in supplying 
the hydraulic system backup pumps with power.  
Please see "Hydraulic control Panel," above, and 
"Damage Control,".)

WARNING

Emergency power will be exhausted in approximately 
20 minutes.

FUEL button

.

When the FUEL button at the bottom of the copilot's 
EVS is selected, the screen permits control of the 
aircraft's four main fuel tanks, two mounted outboard 
at each wingtip, and two internal wing tanks.

Each of the four main tanks supplies the two engines 
closest to it:  L TIP supplies engines 1 and 2, MID 1 
supplies engines 3 and 4, MID 2 supplies engines 5 
and 6, and R TIP supplies engines 7 and 8.

1)  If any of the fuel tanks is damaged and requires 
attention, the COPLT light on the Interphone Panel 
flashes at all other stations.

2)  If any of the fuel tanks is damaged, its STAT light 
turns from green to red.

3)  A damaged fuel tank leaks fuel at double the rate 
of normal fuel consumption.  To avoid losing the fuel 
in a damaged tank, it is necessary to transfer its 
remaining fuel to the other, undamaged tanks.  To 
transfer fuel:

i)  Select the XFER switch (the word OFF) next to the 
damaged tank,  The fuel will be transferred 
automatically.

PROCEDURAL buttons

When either of the two PROCEDURAL arrow 
buttons at the bottom of the copilot's EVS is selected 
in turn, the screen displays checklists of procedures 
regarding operation of the aircraft.

NAVIGATOR STATION

.

The Navigator must work continuously in insure 
successful completion of the mission.  His duties 
include:

1)  complete route planing and plotting.

2)  Waypoint and temporary waypoint navigation.

3)  Preplanning of ordnance delivery action points 
and activity areas.

4)  Active flight direction during low-level combat 
maneuvering.

Monitors

The navigator's station has two EVS monitors - one 
large and one small - and operates in five modes:  
MAP, NAV, RADAR, TER, and STV.  The aircraft's 
current altitude and speed are always displayed at the 
top of the navigator's large monitor.

.

Coordinate System

Locations on the EB-52 maps are charted according 
to a system of coordinates that can be used in a 
variety of applications, including navigation, 
bombing runs, escape, and evasion.  Whenever 
reference is make in this manual to a location's 
coordinates, this is the system being used.

The coordinate system follows a basic 2-axis 
structure.  The X-axis runs horizontally (east-west), 
and the Y-axis runs vertically (north-south).  Each 
map is permanently marked with a small white cross, 
representing the point at which the two axes intersect, 
or "coordinate 0,0".  (The location of 0,0 varies from 
map to map).

.

o  Positive Y-numbers represent miles north of 
coordinate 0,0.
o  Negative Y-numbers represent miles south of 
coordinate 0,0.
o  Positive X-numbers represent miles east of 
coordinate 0,0.
o  Negative x-numbers represent miles west of 
coordinate 0,0.
o Coordinates are always given in the form X,Y.

For example, on the Nevada map the city of Las 
Vegas has the coordinates +2,-139.  This means that 
Ls Vegas is 2 miles east and 139 mils south of 
coordinate 0,0.

MAP Panel

The MAP mode provides information about civilian 
and military features of the territory where the 
mission takes place, and allows editing of the mission 
flight plan.

.

1)  Map mode is entered by selecting any item in the 
MAP panel in the upper right corner of the screen, or 
y changing the Mode Select switch to MAP.

2)  The CIV/MIL switch toggles the large display 
between maps of civilian and military locations.

3)  When the OFF/ON WAYPOINT switch is OFF, 
the CIV/MIL switch toggles the small monitor 
between databases of information about the civilian 
and military locations shown on the large display.

.

A)  Databases displayed in the small monitor relate to 
the location currently selected in the large monitor.

B)  When CIV is selected the database provides 
political, population, and transportation information 
about selected locations on the map.  Selecting 
BORDERS highlights the word and prints 
information about the currently selected border; 
selecting CITIES highlights the word and prints 
information about the currently selected city; 
selecting HIGHWAYS highlights the work and prints 
information about the currently selected road.

C)  When MIL is selected, the database provides 
information on military installations, including radar 
and missile sites and airbases.  Selecting RADAR 
highlights the work and prints information about the 
currently selected radar station; selecting MISSILES 
highlights the word and prints information about the 
currently selected missile installation; selecting 
BASES highlights the work and prints information 
about the currently selected airbase.

Click the right mouse button to cycle through the 
currently highlighted list (Borders, Cities, 
Roads,Radar, Missiles, or Bases) in the small monitor 
(the OFF/ON WAYPOINT switch must be off).  
Highlight a new feature type by clicking on it in the 
small monitor with the left mouse button.

CAUTION

The information presents information available to 
friendly intelligence sources.  Undocumented 
installations and threats are likely to appear during 
missions.

4)  The OFF/ON WAYPOINT switch displays the 
flightplan currently programmed into the aircraft's 
Flight Control System (FCS). The large monitor show 
the waypoints and light plan graphically on the map.  
The small monitor is used to compute distances, ETA 
and fuel requirements between waypoints, and to 
relocate waypoints if desired.

A)  When the OFF/ON WAYPOINT switch is ON, 
FCS flightplan information is available in either 
DISPLAY or EDIT mode.

5)  The DISPLAY/EDIT FCS switch toggles the FCS 
between DISPLAY and EDIT modes.

B)  When the DISPLAY/EDIT FCS switch is set to 
DISPLAY and the WAYPOINT switch is ON:

.

	i)  The flight plan cannot be altered.

	ii)  Distance and ETA from the aircraft's 
present position to any waypoint, or from any 
waypoint to another can be computed in the small 
monitor by changing the waypoint number in the 
"TO" box, and either selecting PRESENT POSITION 
or changing the waypoint number in the FROM box.

C)  When the DISPLAY/EDIT FCS switch is set to 
EDIT and the WAYPOINT switch is ON:

.

	i)  Flight plan waypoints can be reset by 
selecting and dragging them on the large monitor.
	ii)  The coordinates of the currently selected 
waypoint are displayed between the EDIT 
	WAYPOINT and EDIT ALTITUDES 
boxes.  These coordinated change as the waypoint 
	is moved on the large monitor.

	iii)  Waypoint altitudes can be adjusted in 
the small monitor by adding to or subtracting 
	from the selected waypoint' assigned altitude 
in the EDIT ALTITUDE box.

	iv)  The original waypoint positions can be 
restored by selecting RESTORE 	WAYPOINTS.

 NAV Mode

.

When the Mode Select switch is set to NAV, the large 
monitor displays a list showing the coordinate 
locations of both of the EB-52 and its targets for the 
current mission.

RADAR Panel

The RADAR mode display a high-resolution radar 
image of the landscape ahead of the aircraft in the 
large monitor, and saves the small monitor to the 
pilot's EVS display in RANGE mode.

1)  Radar mode is entered by selecting the 10, 20, or 
40 mile range button in the RADAR panel in the 
upper right corner of the screen, or by changing the 
Mode Select switch to RADAR.

2)  Current altitude is displayed at the base of the 
large monitor along with a cross-shaped marker 
representing the aircraft.

3)  The direction of the next waypoint is identified by 
a single vertical white hashmark at the top of the large 
monitor, alongside the number of the waypoint.  
When the waypoint comes within range of the radar 
the symbol changes to a cross-shaped marker 
representing the waypoint, with the waypoint's 
programmed altitude displayed alongside.

4)  If the AP (autopilot) light is selected in the 
warning panel, temporary waypoints can be set by 
selecting a point representing the desired new 
direction in the large monitor.


A)  Altitude for the temporary waypoint can be 
adjusted by holding down the mouse button as the 
selection is made and moving the mouse up and 
down.

B)  When the selection is made, a single green 
vertical hashmark appears on the screen with the new 
altitude alongside, and the FCS steers the aircraft 
toward the temporary waypoint.

C)  When the waypoint is reached, the FCS steers the 
aircraft back onto its programmed flightplan toward 
the next waypoint.  


5)  In RADAR mode, the radar display in the small 
monitor operation is identical to pilot EVS in 
RANGE mode.

.

A)  The TAC can be adjusted and turned on or off in 
the small monitor.  Please see "Pilot Station," above, 
for a description of the TAC.

TER Mode

Enter TER mode with the Mode Select switch.  The 
large monitor displays a white, fan-shaped graphic 
representation of the radar scanning pattern ahead of 
the aircraft.

.
1)  The scale of the scanned area represented 
increases as the range currently set in the RADAR 
panel - 10, 20, or 40 miles - is increased.

STV Panel

The STV mode displays an image generated by the 
aircraft's AN/ASQ-151 steerable low-light level 
television (STV) unit.  The STV provides a visual 
presentation of the area ahead of the aircraft for low-
level penetration during both day and night missions.

1)  STV mode is entered by selecting any item in the 
STV panel to the right of the large monitor, or by 
changing the Mode Select switch to STV.

2)  Brightness of the image is adjusted by switching 
the BRIGHT selector knob.

3)  Azimuth and elevation of the view is controlled 
with the 4-way ADJUST switch.  When both digital 
POSITION displays in the STV panel read zero, the 
STV is oriented dead-ahead (this can be 
accomplished quickly by tapping "Z" on the 
keyboard.)

TIME Compression Panel

Time warp is activated by selecting any of the 
compression-factor buttons in the TIME panel above 
the right-hand corner of the small monitor, or by 
tapping keys 1-5.  Each level of compression 
accelerates the speed of events at the factor selected.  
For example, selecting a compression factor of 5 
makes all mission events occur at five times the 
normal rate of speed.

1)  Time compression will deactivate automatically if 
any external event (such as an attack) occurs, or is 
any internal emergency causes the interphone or 
warning panel to flash. 

ELECTRONIC WARFARE STATION

The primary responsibility of the EW officer is the 
utilization of the aircraft's advanced AN/ALQ-172 
and AN.ALQ-12 defensive systems to provide an 
active defense for the aircraft.  He maintains a 
constant radar search for enemy aircraft and ground 
based-threats, employing electronic countermeasures, 
chaff, and flares to the optimum extent in defending 
the aircraft against ground-based or airborne 
electronic devices that pose a threat to the safety of 
the aircraft and the completion of its mission.

.

RADAR Panel

The EW radar panel includes a small radar scope, 
four warning lights, and two range selector buttons 
bracketing a digital readout.

1)  The SEARCH warning light illuminates when the 
aircraft senses an enemy radar searching for possible 
intruders - such as the EB -52.

2)  The TRACK warning light illuminates when an 
enemy radar is tracking the EB-52 and is trying to 
lock on.

3)  The LAUNCH warning light illuminates when an 
enemy radar has a lock on the EB-52 or launches a 
missile.

4)  The PROXIMITY warning light illuminates when 
a missile is within immediate striking distance of the 
aircraft.

5)  The two RANGE buttons and digital readout 
below the radar scope are used to set the range at 
which the AN/ALQ-172 searches.  (please see 
"Stealth Modifications:  Passive & Active Radar," 
Chapter 4, for a general explanation of the two types 
of radar used in the EB-52).

.

A)  The small cross in the center of the radar scope 
marks the location of the EB-52 Megafortress.  
Quadrants above, to the left and right of , and below 
the center cross represent the areas in front of, to the 
left and right of, and behind the aircraft. 

B)  Selecting any object on the radar scope highlights 
it and prints a text identification of it, along with its 
range from the EB-52 Megafortress. 

i)  Circle represents a search radar.
ii)  Diamond represents a SAM radar.
iii)  Inverted V (or "batwing") represents an airborne 
enemy fighter radar.
iv)  "A" represents anti-aircraft artillery.
v)  Dot represents anything else, including buildings, 
control towers, unidentified radar sources, etc.
vi)  Green circle surrounding a radar-emitting object 
represents the radar's range.

C)  four other monitors throughout the aircraft are 
saved to the EW passive radar unless the OW station 
"attack" radar is operating:

i)  Large radar scope at this (EW) station, when 
operating in the RADAR DISPLAY MODE.
ii)  Pilot's EVS monitor, when operating in RDR 
mode.
iii)  Copilot's EVS monitor, when operating in RDR 
mode.
iv)  OW station EVS monitor, when operating in 
SCAN mode.

Large Radar Scope

The large scope operates either in SIGNAL or 
RADAR display mode.

1)  Turn SIGNAL mode on by switching the 
DISPLAY MODE switch to SIGNAL.

.

A)  SIGNAL mode displays three signal lines on the 
large scope:

i)  The top line represents the signal being generated 
by the radar-emitting object currently selected in the 
small radar scope, or by the closest radar-emitting 
source.  (An object can be selected by clicking 
directly on it in the small monitor.)
ii)  The middle line represents the signal being 
generated by the infrared-seeking object currently 
selected in the small radar scope.

iii)  The bottom line represents any general 
communication (radio) signals detected by the radar.  
These include radio communications between enemy 
stations, and between the EB-52 and friendly stations.

2)  Turn RADAR mode on by switching the 
DISPLAY MODE switch to RADAR.

A)  The large CRT is saved tot he EW's small radar 
scope when the DISPLY switch is set to RADAR.

JAMMING Panel

The JAMMING panel allows automatic and manual 
jamming of radar signals, and automatic jamming of 
infrared and general communications signals.

1)  To jam a radar signal in AUTO mode:

A)  Select the target radar source in the small radar 
scope.
B)  Select and hold the JAM SIGNAL button in the 
JAMMING panel until the TOP signal flattens into a 
straight line.

2)  To jam a radar signal in MANUAL mode:

A)  Set the DISPLAY MODE switch at the bottom 
right corner of the station display to SIGNAL.
B)  Select the target radar source in the small radar 
scope.
C)  Adjust the two frequency readouts until the TOP 
line in the large scope flattens into a straight line.

3)  To jam an infrared signal:

A)  Select the target infrared source in the small radar 
scope.
B)  Select the JAM IR button in the JAMMING panel 
until the MIDDLE signal flattens into a straight line.

4)  To jam general communications (radio) signals:

A)  Select the JAM COMM button in the JAMMING 
panel.

CAUTION
The radar jammer emits electromagnetic radiation, 
and the IR jammer emits laser radiation.  
Both are easily detected by the enemy.  Use then 
carefully to avoid revealing the location of the EB-
52.  Please see "Strategy & Tactics:  Defensive 
Tactics,".

RLIR Panel

The RLIR Panel controls the signals and automatic 
countermeasures programs generated by the aircraft's 
AN/AA-12 Rear Looking Infrared (RLIR) system.  
The RLIR locates and identifies any IR-producing 
threat approaching from the rear quadrant of the 
aircraft.  Its range is 30 miles.

1)  Turn the RLIR switch ON to operate RLIR in 
search mode.

2)  WARNING light flashes when RLIR detects a 
heat-generating threat approaching the aircraft from 
the rear quadrant.

3)  Turn AUTO CHAFF switch ON to turn on RLIR 
and program an AN/ALQ-12 to deploy chaff bundles 
automatically when a radar-seeking missile is 
detected in the rear quadrant.

4)  Turn AUTO FLARE switch ON to turn on RLIR 
and program AN/ALQ-12 computer to deploy flare 
bundles automatically when an infrared-seeking 
missile is detected in the rear quadrant.

CHAFF/FLARE Manual Dispenser panel

Four Lundy AN/AL-24 chaff dispensing systems are 
located in each wing of the EB-52, with each 
dispenser holding 40 chaff packages.  6 AN/ALE-20 
Dynalectron-designed flare ejectors are located on 
each side of the aft fuselage of the EB-52, with each 
ejector holding 16 AN/ALA-17 flares.

1)  Select L-CHAFF or R-CHAFF to manually 
dispense chaff packages from the left or right wings 
of the aircraft.

2)  Select L-FLARE or R-FLARE to manually 
dispense flares from the left or aft fuselage of the 
aircraft.

The number of chaff bundles and flares remaining is 
indicated below the CHAFF and FLARE buttons.

OFFENSIVE WEAPONS STATION

The OW Officer is responsible for using the fire 
control system to deliver air-to-ground ordnance and 
defend the aircraft against enemy fighters.

The heart of the OW station fire control system is the 
AN/APQ-166 Offensive Avionics System (OAS).  Its 
computers have been modified in the EB-52 to 
interface with the FCS, the EW station's AN/ALQ-
172, the AN/ASQ-151 STV, the aircraft's radar 
altimeter, and electrical, bleed air, and body hydraulic 
systems.

EVS

The OW EVS operates in four modes.

1)  SCAN uses the aircraft's passive radar to scan for 
radar-emitting sources.  Refer to the EW Station 
description for details on the operation of this mode 
 
2)  CAMERA uses the EVS as a viewing screen for 
TV images controlled by the CAMERA MODE Panel 
(see CAMERA MODE Panel, this section).

3)  ATTACK activates the aircraft's active search 
radar and displays it on all radar screens in the 
aircraft (pilot, copilot, EW, and OW).

A)  The ATTACK active search radar signal is highly 
detectable by enemy radar stations.

B)  When the ATTACK radar is on, the "RO" 
warning light illuminates at all stations.

C)  The ATTACK radar returns signals from any 
imageable source (except terrain) within the range set 
in the RANGE readout at the bottom of the EVS.

4)  Select CONTROL to view a description of the 
weapon currently selected in the WEAPON 
SELECT/LAUNCH panel.

A)  Some weapons can be armed in different modes 
by clicking directly on the mode names while the 
EVS is in CONTROL mode.

CAMERA MODE Panel

The CAMERA panel controls the various cameras 
that send TV images to the EVS.

1)  The CAMERA button above the EVS must be 
selected for the CAMERA MODE panel controls to 
work.

2)  Turn the CAMERA mode selector switch to STV 
to show the picture currently being generated by the 
AN/ASQ-151 STV system.

A)  Azimuth and elevation of the view i controlled 
with the 4-way CAMERA switch.  When both digital 
displays to the right of the read zero, the STV is 
oriented dead-ahead.  (This can be accomplished 
quickly by tapping "Z" on the keyboard.)

B)  Select the ZOOM increase/decrease buttons to 
zoom in or out with the STV.

C)  The camera in STV mode is used to target 
ordnance.

3)  Turn the CAMERA mode selector switch to 
GUIDANCE to see the missile camera view.

A)  A TV-guided weapon - such as the AGM-142 - 
must be selected for the GUIDANCE mode to 
operated with any other type  of weapon selected, the 
camera in GUIDANCE mode will display only static. 

MASTER BOMB CONTROL Panel

The aircraft bomb bay doors operate as a single unit 
and can be opened and closed manually or 
automatically.  While open, the aircraft's speed is 
reduced and RCS is increased.

1)  Set the AUTO/MNL switch to MNL to operate the 
doors manually.

A)  When the bomb bay doors are operating 
manually, the correct sequence must be observed in 
order to release ordnance effectively and minimize 
RCS.

	i)  Select and prepare ordnance (see 
WEAPON SELECT/LAUNCH Panel section)
	ii)  Set UNLTCH/LATCH switch to 
UNLTCH>
	iii)  Set OPEN/CLOSE switch to OPEN.  
The doors take 5 seconds to open, at which 	point the 
OPEN indicator light illuminates.  Note also that the 
DRS light on the 	Pilot's eyebrow panel illuminates 
while the doors are open.
	iv)  Launch weapon(s).
	v)  Set OPEN/CLOSE switch to CLOSE.  
The doors take 5 seconds to close, at which 	point the 
OPEN indicator light goes off.  Note also that the 
DRS light on the Pilot's 	eyebrow panel goes off 
when the doors close.
	vi)  Set UNLTCH/LATCH switch to 
LATCH.

2)  Set the AUTO/MNL switch to AUTO to operate 
the doors automatically.

A)  Select and prepare ordnance (see "WEAPON 
SELECT/LAUNCH Panel" below).

B)  Press LAUNCH button.

i)  The UNLTCH light comes on
ii)  The OPEN light illuminates after five seconds.
iii)  Weapon(s) launch.
iv)  The doors close automatically.
v)  The doors are latched automatically.

WEAPON SELECT/LAUNCH Panel

The WEAPON SELECT/LAUNCH panel includes a 
diagram of the EB-52's four main weapon loading 
areas, a listing of weapons currently loaded into the 
currently selected weapon loading area, and a 
LAUNCH button.  Three steps must be complete in 
order to successfully strike a target:  lock onto a 
target, select a weapon, and launch in order to strike 
their targets.

Lock Onto Target

Select a target using the SCAN,ATTACK or 
CAMERA mode of the EVS.  The fire control 
computer will attempt to lock onto any object 
selected in the EVS in any of these modes.  Targets 
that do not generate a heat or radar signature - such as 
runaways, bridges, and hardened shelters-must be 
targeted using the CAMERA mode. 

CAUTION

The lock must be maintained for the weapon to locate 
it target.  If the lock is lost, it must be reestablished 
before the weapon is launched.

Select Weapon

1)  Select the pylon or bomb bay containing the 
weapon to be launched from the EB-52 diagram.

2)  Select the weapon to be launched from the list 
below the diagram.

A)  Weapons is red are not appropriate for the 
currently selected target.

B)  Weapons in dark green are appropriate for the 
currently selected target.  ("Appropriate" means only 
that it is theoretically  possible to hit the selected 
target with this weapon.  Ordinary iron bombs - such 
as the MK-84- are always "appropriate" in theory, 
even though the likelihood of hitting a target such as a 
MiG with one is highly questionable.)

C)  Weapon in bright green is the currently selected 
weapon.

D)  Weapons in gray have been used.

3)  Make any arming-mode changes necessary using 
the CONTROL mode of the EVS.  If the ordnance is  
free-fall weapon, note the recommended STV vertical 
coordinate listed with the weapon information in 
CONTROL mode (the horizontal coordinate is 
always 0 (zero)).  Please also see the targeting 
information for each weapon in Chapter 5, 
"Ordnance".)

4)  If the weapon is stored in one of the bomb bays, 
make sure the bomb bay doors are opened correctly 
during the launch sequence, either through manual or 
automatic operation (refer to "MASTER BOMB 
CONTROL Panel," above).

5)  Use the "/" (backslash) key to make the computer 
choose the next appropriate weapon.

Launch Weapon

Before launching a weapon, make sure that the target 
is within the selected weapon's range, as specified in 
the CONTROL mode EVS, or in Chapter 5, 
"Ordnance".

Radar and infrared guided missiles (AIM-9R, 
AIM-120C, AGM-65G, AGM-136A, AGM-88A, 
AGM-84A, AGM-84E):

1)  Select LAUNCH>

2)  If not operating in AUTO mode and weapon was 
stored in bomb bay, close bomb bay doors.

TV guided missiles (AGM-130, AGM-142):

1)  Select LAUNCH.

2)  Switch CAMERA MODE from STV to 
GUIDANCE.

3)  After the missile is launched, use the EVS as the 
missile's "EYE" to pilot the weapon to its target, 
flying the weapon to its target by clicking on the 
camera direction arrows (use of the autopilot or TAC 
during this time is highly recommended).

4)  IF not operating in AUTO mode and weapon was 
stored in bomb bay, close bomb bay doors. 

Laser-guided glide bomb (Rockeye II):

1)  With the target selected in CAMERA mode, steer 
the aircraft so that the horizontal POSITION 
coordinate in the CAMERA panel reaches zero (0).  
This means that the aircraft is on course directly 
toward the target.

2)  Select LAUNCH.  When the vertical coordinate 
reaches 12, the weapon's laser guidance system will 
launch the weapon automatically.

3)  If not operating in AUTO mode and weapon was 
stored in bomb bay, close bay doors.

Free-fall ordnance (Dirandal, DAACM, MK-84):

CAUTION

To protect the aircraft from ground-blast, free-fall 
ordnance should not be released below 500 ft.

1)  With the target selected in CAMERA mode, steer 
the aircraft so that the horizontal POSITION 
coordinate in the CAMERA panel reaches zero (0).  
This means that the aircraft is on course directly 
toward the target.

2)  Adjust the aircraft's altitude in accordance with 
the weapon's delivery requirements.  (Any altitude 
above 1000ft for the MK-84; 500 to 1000 ft for the 
Durandal and DAACM.)

3)  Wait for the vertical POSITION coordinate in the 
CAMERA panel to reach the number recommended 
for the weapon in the CONTROL mode of the EVS.

4)  Select LAUNCH>

5)  If not operating in AUTO mode and weapon was 
stored in bomb bay, close bomb bay doors.

AFT MINES Control Panel

The tail of the EB-52 is equipped with an enclosed 
cannon that fires 12-inch flak canister rockets.  These 
are used to attack enemy fighters approaching from 
the rear quarter.
Through its interface with the AN/ALQ-153 aft fire-
control radar, the AN/APQ-166 tracks both rocket 
and enemy fighter and transmits steering signals to 
the rockets.  When the distance between the fighter 
and the rocket decreases to less that 200 yards, the 
fire-control computer detonates the rocket.

Maximum range is two miles.

1)  Select the LAUNCH button in the AFT MINES 
panel to launch and air mine.

The EB-52 carries a maximum of 30 air mine rockets.  
The number remaining is listed in the AFT MINES 
control panel.

JETTISON CONTROL Panel

Should the aircraft be damaged yet still manage to 
return to home base, it is extremely unwise to 
continue carrying any left-over ordnance during 
landing approach and touchdown.  At a safe distance 
from the airbase, excess ordnance should be 
jettisoned.

1)  Select the JETTISON button twice with a one-
second interval to deactivate and jettison all 
ordnance.

EXTERNAL CAMERA

The external camera station displays a view of the 
EB-52 in the upper 3/4 of the display.  The EB-52 is 
always in the center of the camera's view, except 
when the "Nose" or "Target" view buttons are 
selected.

In addition to the multi-station instruments, the 
External Camera station has the following controls:

4-Way switch

Select the 4-way switch to the external camera in 
360_ arcs around the aircraft both horizontally and 
vertically.

ZOOM IN/ZOOM OUT

Select the ZOOM  IN/ZOOM OUT buttons to move 
the camera closer to or farther away from the aircraft.

REMOTE view button

Select the REMOTE button to allow the camera to 
move with complete freedom in observing the 
aircraft.

SLOT view button

Select the SLOT button to restrict the camera to a 
cone-shaped area immediately behind the aircraft.  
The camera can travel only 45 degrees to either side
of, or above or below the aircraft tail section.

TARGET view button

Select the TARGET button for a reverse-angle view 
from behind the currently selected target toward the 
EB-52.

NOSE view button

Select the NOSE button for a view of a cone-shaped 
area immediately ahead of the aircraft.  In this view, 
the camera is mounted to the nose of the aircraft and 
can travel only 45 degrees to either side of, or above or 
below the aircraft nose section.  

2 FLIGHT PROCEDURES

CAUTION
These procedures are for a crew inexperienced in the 
operating of this aircraft.  This manual provides the 
best possible operating instructions under most 
circumstances, but is a poor excuse for sound 
judgment.  Multiple emergencies, adverse weather, 
terrain, etc., will require modification of the 
procedures.

MISSION ASSIGNMENT

1)  Register for a mission in one of the following 
ways:

a)  Click on an active pilot in the registration panel 
monitor and click SELECT.

b)  Click the name of a pilot you want to replace, 
click REPLACE, and type in the new pilot's name.  
Tap the RETURN key to enter the new pilot's name.

2)  Click MISSIONS on the Main Menu panel.

3)  Click ASSIGN or SELECT on the Mission 
Selection pop-up menu.

.

SELECT gives the crew direct control of mission 
selection, including theater, objectives and flight 
plan, and loadout.

ASSIGN presents a mission chosen for the crew by 
Mission Control.  Accept or reject the assigned 
mission by clicking ACCEPT or REJECT.  If a 
mission is rejected, a new one is assigned, and so on.  
Choosing ACCEPT bypasses steps 4 and 5 below and 
takes you directly to the Loadout Screen.

4)  When the Mission Select panel and monitors 
appear, the small monitor shows a list of three 
theaters of operation - Red Flag (Nevada), Persian 
Gulf, and Flight of the Old Dog (Kamchatka 
Peninsula) - while the large monitor shows a map of 
the currently selected region.  (Note:  the switches at 
the top of the panel will not work until a theater is 
selected.)

Click the geographic area in which you want to fly 
your mission and then click SELECT.  

Mission Select Panel

Three mode switches control the Mission Select 
panel:

INFO/SELECT switches the small monitor between a 
database of information about the region and a listing 
of all missions available in that region.

CIV/MIL switches the monitors between displays of 
civilian and military features and threats in the region. 

OFF/ON WAYPOINT shows you the flight plan and 
waypoints for the mission on the large monitor.  
(Waypoints cannot be changed at this point.)

CAUTION

Clicking SELECT at the bottom right corner of the 
Mission Select panel selects the mission currently 
highlighted in the small monitor, WHETHER OR 
NOT the INFO/SELECT switch is set to SELECT.

Click the right mouse button to cycle through the 
currently highlighted list (Borders, Cities, Roads, 
Radar, Missiles, or Bases) in the small monitor (the 
OFF/ON WAYPOINT switch must be off).  Highlight 
a new feature type be clicking on it in the small 
monitor with the left mouse button.

Note

If the INFO/SELECT switch is set to INFO while the 
WAYPOINT switch is ON, the distance in miles 
between waypoints can b e computed in the small 
monitor by changing the way point number computed 
in the small monitor by changing the waypoint 
number in the "TO" box, and the "FROM" box if 
PRESENT POS is  not clicked, click on the "+" or "-" 
signs alongside each box to increase or decrease a 
waypoint number.

Orders for the currently selected mission are printed 
below the Mission Select panel and monitors; scroll 
through them by clicking  the arrows below the small 
monitor.  Read the mission orders carefully, then use 
the Mission Select panel databases and waypoint 
distance calculators to learn as much as possible 
about a mission before finally selecting it.  This 
information will be of critical value during execution 
of the mission.

5)  If your mission will be either in the Red Flag of 
Persian Gulf regions, select a mission on the scrolling 
list (scroll the list by clicking the up or down arrows 
to the right of the list) and click SELECT.

If you select Flight of the Old Dog, take time to read 
about the mission in Chapter 6.  Even is you decide 
not to do so, you may be able to complete the mission 
by reading Dale "Bear" Brown's novel Flight of the 
Old Dog, the original story of this extraordinary 
adventure.

Loadout Screen

Take time to read "Offensive Strategy,"
before preparing the mission loadout.

The Loadout screen operates in four modes, and 
includes four panels and a pylon/bomb bay-selection 
diagram of the aircraft.

Weight Panel

The Weight panel always lists the weight of all 
ordnance currently loaded into the aircraft's two 
bomb bays and onto its two wing pylons, and the 
weight of fuel in the aircraft's four main fuel tanks.  
Ordnance weight is adjusted by altering the weapons 
loadout and fuel weight is adjusted by clicking the 
"+" and "-" signs to either side of the readout.  The 
aircraft is always preloaded with 50,000 lbs of fuel.

Total fuel and ordnance loadout for the EB-52 cannot 
exceed 192,000 lbs.

Mode Panel

Click on a mode to select it.

LIST MISSILES AVAILABLE changes the 
Ordnance panel to a listing of all available ordnance, 
and the Weapons Select panel to a database of 
information about the weapon currently selected in 
the Ordnance panel.

Click on the arrow in the right margin of the 
Ordnance panel to scroll through the weapons;  click 
on a weapon to select it and change the information in 
the Weapons Select panel.

DISPLAY ORDNANCE LOADED changes the 
Ordnance panel to a listing of weapons loaded at the 
currently selected location on the pylon/bomb bay-
selection diagram.  The Weapons Select panel now 
gives information only about weapons loaded at that 
location, and lists the total quantity of the currently 
selected weapon on board the aircraft.

Click on a bomb bay or pylon in the pylon/bomb bay 
selection diagram to list the weapons for that 
location; click on a weapon to select it and change the 
information in the Weapons Select panel.

REMOVE A MISSILE also changes the Ordnance 
panel to a listing of weapons loaded at the currently 
selected location on the pylon bomb bay selection 
diagram.  The Weapons Select panel now has a 
"YES" button that is used to remove the weapon 
currently selected in the Ordnance panel.

Click "YES: in the Weapons Select panel to remove 
the currently selected weapon.

LOAD A MISSILE also changes the Ordnance panel 
to a listing of weapons loaded at the currently 
selected location on the pylon/bomb bay-selection 
diagram.  The Weapons Select panel "YES" button is 
used to load the currently selected weapon.  

Click on the arrows in the right margin of the 
Weapons Select screen to review the information 
about each weapon; click "YES" to load the weapon 
currently listed in the Weapons Select panel.

Note

There must be a position available at the chosen 
location for the new weapon  to load.  Depending on 
the size of the weapon chosen, some empty positions 
may not accept it.  For example, the AIM-120C is too 
long for all nine positions on a pylon to accept it.  In 
its case, only six positions on each plan are 
available.

RESTORE DEFAULT ORDNANCE resets the 
ordnance and fuel loadout to their original conditions. 

1)  Adjust both the fuel and weapons loadouts for the 
mission in the Loadout screen (please also see "Fuel 
Management" and "Ordnance".

CAUTION

Missions in the Persian Gulf require at least 40,000 
lbs of fuel to make it to waypoint 1 - the inflight 
refueling rendezvous point.

Additional fuel beyond the preloaded amount must be 
loaded for each Red Flay mission; inflight refueling 
is available only in the Inflight Refueling training 
mission.

2)  Click DONE on the MODE menu to accept the 
current loadout and begin the mission.  

PROCEDURES

Caution

These procedure are provided for crew reference 
only.  t is highly recommended that crews take full 
advantage of the Red Flag training missions to 
practice fundamental operational procedures before 
attempting either the Persian Gulf or Flight of the 
Old Dog Missions.

Note

The use of keyboard "hot keys" can be extremely 
useful in these procedures.  Please see the separate 
"Installation & Reference" guide accompanying this 
manual for a complete list of available "hot keys".

Note

Basic startup procedures are also available from the 
copilot EVS.  Select the PROCEDURAL button and 
scroll through the screens by selecting the <and> 
buttons.

Preflight

Copilot Checklist
1)  Batteries on.
2)  Rudder/Elevator Hydraulic switches ON.
3)  Landing/Taxi lights ON.
4)  Nav lights ON.
5)  Anti-collision lights ON.
6)  Interphone ON (default).
7)  Cabin pressure 7.45 psi

Pilot Checklist
1)  Parking Brake ON (unless the aircraft must first 
taxi to the end of the runway).
2)  Taxi/Land Ratio switch set to Land (unless the 
aircraft must first taxi to position).
3)  Flaps extended.

Starting Engines

Pilot Checklist
(This procedure is also followed when restarting an 
individual engine in flight.)

1)  Engines ON.  (Click the individual engine lights, 
or click ALL, on the right side of the Pilot's 
instrument panel, to turn on the engine switches on.  
The engine lights will illuminate.)

2)  ENGINE START switch to C.  (Click the 
ENGINE START switch to C to ignite the started 
cartridges.  The engines will start, and the PWR 
display will show 1%)

3)  ENGINE START switch to F.  (Click the 
ENGINE START switch back to F to channel 
electrical power to the aircraft's systems during 
flight.)

Copilot's  Checklist

1)  (After engine start) Battery switch OFF.

Taxi and Takeoff

Pilot Checklist
1)  Increase power in all engines to 100% (15% to 
taxi only) by clicking "+," to the right of the PWR 
display.

2)  Parking Brake OFF (or as speed control while 
taxiing).

3)  At 170 knots, pull back on control column (press 
down-arrow key) until the artificial horizon indicator 
reads 6%.

4)  Retract landing gear immediately after takeoff.  
(Gear will be damaged if extended at speeds 
exceeding 375 kts.)

5)  RETRACT flaps when speed exceeds 200 kts. 
(Flaps will be damaged if extended at speeds 
exceeding 450 kts.)

6)  Decrease power to 80%.

Flight Control

1)  To turn the aircraft to the left, press the left-arrow 
key to raise the left wing spoiler and elevate the right 
rear stabilator.

2)  To turn the aircraft to the right, press the right-
arrow key to raise the right wing spoiler and elevate 
the left rear stabilator.

3)  To make the aircraft climb, or pitch up, press the 
down-arrow key to elevate both stabilators. 

4)  To make the aircraft descend, or pitch down, press 
the up-arrow key to lower the stabilators. 

5)  To slow the aircraft down quickly, turn AIRBKE 
switch ON in flight to raise both sets of wing spoilers.

6)  Extend FLAPS if airspeed drops below 200 kts.

Navigation

Please see "Multi-Station Instruments" and 
"Navigator Station" and "Navigation" in for a
complete description of the EB-52 navigation
systems and controls.

IFF Identification

At some point during each mission-generally in the 
vicinity of the first waypoint, though it may occur 
near any friendly radar site-the aircraft will be 
contacted by ground control and identification 
requested via IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) 
Transponder.

WARNING

Failure to correctly identify the aircraft will result in 
the destruction of the  aircraft by friendly fire.

WARNING

Turn off the transponder in enemy territory to avoid 
unwanted attention.

The copilot is responsible for the identification 
procedure.  To identify:

1)  Switch the Transponder switch to STBY.

2)  The first two digits on the transponder are 
automatically adjusted to match the 2-digit code 
transmitted by ground control.

3)  The numbers transmitted to the EB-52 correspond 
to one of the 2-digit page numbers in this manual.  
Locate that page and note the 2-digit code in 
parentheses to the right of the page number.  

4)  Enter the 2-digit code into the last two numbers of 
the transponder by selecting the arrows tot he left of 
each number.

5)  Switch the transponder switch from STDBY to 
ON>

6)  Select the IDENT button.  When the REPLU light 
flashes, identification has been correctly made. 

WARNING

The transponder should remain on as long as the 
aircraft remains in friendly airspace, but be turned  
OFF before entering enemy territory.  The set 
transmits UHF radio waves and will attract 
immediate attention from enemy ground installations,  
The UHF warning light on the pilot's  screen 
illuminates when the transponder is on.

Inflight Refueling

1)  With the Pilot EVS in RADAR mode and the 
autopilot ON, fly toward the first waypoint.  

2)  When the refueling tanker is detected by the EB-
52's passive radar (the tanker appears on the monitor 
as a circle surrounding a large red block letter "T"), 
click on the tanker symbol to select it.

3)  Select the "C" light in the AIR REFUEL panel to 
lock onto the tanker.

When the autopilot locks onto the tanker's location, 
the aircraft will automatically fly toward the 
rendezvous.

Note

Refueling tankers generally operate between 9,000 
and 10,000 ft.

WARNING

A power setting of at least 85% should be maintained 
during closure to make sure that the EB-52 can 
overtake the tanker.  Slower speeds may result n 
exhaustion of fuel supplies before rendezvous.

WARNING

Upon overtaking the tanker, the autopilot will 
automatically lower the engine power setting to 40% 
to prevent collision.  After refueling , the pilot must 
reapply power.  Reapplication of power is NOT an 
automatic function of the autopilot.

4)  When the RDY light in the AIR REFUEL panel 
illuminates, click the DRS light to open the refueling 
slipway doors.  Refueling will begin immediately.

5)  When refueling is complete, separation will occur 
automatically and the EB-52 will resume its course 
toward the next waypoint.

6)  Reapply power to at least 75% (see warning, 
above).

Landing Approach

Note

Runways for all EB-52 operations are oriented 
north/south, and approaches should be make from 
the south in a northerly direction, except under 
emergency conditions.

If possible, a standard military approach should be 
executed.

1)  Heading north on the upwind leg of the lading 
pattern, pass directly over the airbase at an altitude of 
2,000 to 5,000ft.

2)  At a distance of 1-5 miles past the runway, 
execute a 90_ turn onto the crosswind leg.

3)  Fly 2-3 miles on the crosswind leg.

4)  Execute a 90_ turn onto the downwind leg.

5)  With a lateral distance of 2 miles between the 
aircraft and the runway, fly at least 3 miles to the 
south past the runway.

6)  During the downwind leg of the pattern, cut back 
on throttles and use the airbrakes to decrease speed to 
300 kts.

7)  During the downwind leg of the pattern, descend 
to 1000 ft.

8)  Execute a 90_ turn onto the base leg of the 
landing pattern.

9)  Fly the same distance flown on the crosswind leg.

10)  Execute a 90_ turn and enter the approach leg 
toward the runway.

.

Landing

During the approach leg of the landing pattern, the 
aircraft would be lined up with the runway at a 
distance of 2-5 miles, at an elevation of 
approximately 1000 ft.  Speed should be no greater 
than 300 kts. 

1)  Using throttles and airbrakes, decrease speed to 
250 kts.

2)  Extend flaps.

3)  Lower landing gear.

4)  Switch TAXI/LAND switch to LAND.

5)  With the runway in view, begin descending, 
slowly decreasing power and speed so that final 
touchdown will be accomplished at no greater than 
250 kts.  Use the airbrakes to reduce speed quickly.

WARNING

During landing, aircraft can have no more than 11 degrees 
of pitch, or 5 degrees of roll.  To maintain these parameters, 
please refer to the pilot's artificial horizon indicator 
frequently during landing.

6)  Touch down within the first third of the runway.

7)  If touchdown cannot be accomplished safely in the 
fist third of the runway, immediately apply full 
power, climb away from the runway, and repeat the 
approach and landing procedures.

8)  If touchdown is successfully accomplished, 
immediately select ALL, to the right of the PWR 
percentage display, to cut power to all engines.

9)  Select PRKNG BRKE to bring the aircraft to a 
complete stop.

Emergency Landings

It is possible to execute a no-gear belly landing in the 
EB-52, given the following conditions:

1)  Final landing speed cannot exceed 130 kts.

2)  All remaining ordnance should be jettisoned 
before the attempt is made.

Damage Control

Damage results from incorrect operation of the 
aircraft of from attack by enemy/friendly fire.

In the first instance, either the aircraft is flown into an 
obstruction(such as the ground or a mountain), or is 
flown at an airspeed unsuitable for the deployment of 
flaps (maximum speed 450 kts) or landing gear 
(maximum speed 375 kts.)  In either case, the crew is 
strongly directed to spend a few extra moments in the 
early sections of this chapter learning about the 
overall operation of the aircraft.

However, damage resulting from weapons fire may be 
correctable by resetting specific systems or by using 
applicable backup systems.  In the case of engine 
damage, the engine must be shut down to prevent the 
start of fire, or, if a fire has already begun, to keep it 
from spreading.  If a fuel tank is damaged and begins 
to leak, its remaining fuel can be saved by 
transferring it to another tank.

These options are available at the pilot and copilot 
stations.  In particular, the electrical, hydraulic, and 
fuel systems have specific emergency repair and 
backup features designed to help the EB-52 survive a 
massive degree of damage and still accomplish its 
mission.

WARNING

If systems are damaged repeatedly, repairs may not 
be possible.

Engine Damage

A damaged engine may leak oil, sustain unspecified 
damage, or catch fire.

Oil Leaks:  If an engine begins to leak oil, the OIL 
warning light in the pilot's eyebrows panel 
illuminates, If the engine sustains further damage, the 
engine's trouble light will illuminate.

Unspecified Damage:  If an engine suffers damage 
beyond the normal diagnostic capabilities of the 
aircraft computers, the afflicted engine's TROUBLE 
light illuminates.  Remedy:  Turn off the engine 
before fire develops.

Fire:  If an engine catches fire, its FIRE light will 
illuminate at the pilot station and a warning claxon 
will sound.  Remedy:  It is imperative that an engine 
on fire be turned off immediately, otherwise the fire 
will spread.

 Fuel Tank Damage

If one of the aircraft's four main fuel tanks is 
damaged, the copilot interphone light flashes.  
Primary concern should be given to saving the fuel 
supply in the damaged tank.  Using the fuel system 
EVS at the copilot station transfer the remaining fuel 
to the other, undamaged tanks.

Electrical System Damage

If a component of the electric system is damaged, the 
copilot interphone light and the pilot "E" warning 
light flash.  Three possible courses of action are 
available using the copilot's EVS:

1)  Check to see if one or more of the four main ac 
generators is out, and reset it by clicking its number.

2)  If a generator won't reset, reset its bus first and 
then attempt to reset the generator.  Generators 1 and 
2 operate via the left bus, and generators 3 and 4 via 
the right bus.  

3)  If a bus cannot be reset, permanently disabling its 
generators, turn on the battery switches and then turn 
on the EMERG DC power backup system.

6 MISSIONS

There are 31 mission flight plans on file in 
Megafortress' memory banks.  Three geographic 
theaters are involved:  the Red Flag training area 
north of Las Vegas, Nevada; the countries northwest 
of the Persian Gulf; and the Kamchatka peninsula of 
the eastern Soviet Union.  A map of each plan is 
included in a separate booklet accompanying this 
manual.

Red Flag

In order to train crews to handle the EB-52 
Megafortress successfully in combat, provision has 
been make to use the Nellis AFB bombing ranges in 
southern Nevada.  These are the ranges used during 
the "Red Flag" training exercises conducted by the 
4440th Tactical Fighter Training Group of the USAF.

It is highly recommended that crews take the time to 
fly each Red Flag training mission before venturing 
into the Persian Gulf or "Flight of the Old Dog" 
scenarios.  The skills developed here will spare you 
hours of frustration later.  

The TFTG has no aircraft of its own, no ranges, and 
few personnel.  The TFTG is one small part of the 
Tactical Fighter Weapons Center (TFWC), located at 
Nellis.

The TFTG develops and schedules five "Red Flag" 
air combat support exercises per year, involving a 
number of Tactical Fighter Weapons Center (TFWC) 
units in each exercise.  Although it is a small group in 
and of itself, the 4440th has operational control of a 
tremendous number of resources when there's a Red 
Flag going on.  These resources include:  

The 554th Operations Support Wing:  To Red 
Flag, the most important section of the 554th is the 
Range Group, charged with maintaining and 
operating the vast bombing ranges north of Nellis.

The Adversary Threat Training Group:  The 
4513th is the intelligence unit of the 57th Fighter 
Weapons Wing (FWW).  The Aggressors get most 
the their up to date tactics and briefing information 
form the 4513th.  The ATTG also helps develop the 
Red Flag scenarios.

Red Flag Missions

1  Flight Procedures

This mission exercises the crew's ability to handle 
some of the basic procedures outline in Chapter 2:  
takeoff, aircraft identification, flight control, and 
landing.  No ordnance is loaded, and more than 
enough fuel is provided for the entire mission.

The mission begins at the pilot station, with the 
aircraft positioned at the end of the runway.  Follow 
the takeoff procedures detailed to get the aircraft up
and flying, and turn on the autopilot when the aircraft
reaches an altitude of 1000+ feet.

The aircraft flies to the first waypoint, where Air 
Traffic Control (ATC) requests identification.
The aircraft then proceeds to the second waypoint.

During the remainder of the flight, controls in the 
pilot and copilot stations should be explored.  The 
following are suggested exercises:

o  Use the clock "ETA" function to check time to 
next waypoint.
o  Override the autopilot by using the keyboard.
o  Fly without using the autopilot.
o  Fly using the TAC. Experiment with different
height settings.
o  Override the TAC using the keyboard.
o  Change the power setting if individual engine 
throttles and observe the effect on aircraft 
performance.
o  Turn off an engine and restart it in flight.
o  Test the airbrakes and lading gear as speed 
controls.
o  Compare fuel consumption at very high and very 
low altitudes.
o  Experiment with the external camera.  Check the 
condition of navigation lights and landing gear 
compared to their controlling switches at the copilot 
and pilot stations.
o  Practice using the keyboard "Hot Keys."

Finally, with the autopilot turned on, the aircraft 
returns to the third waypoint (Nellis AFB) and is 
cleared to land.

2  Navigation

This mission will familiarize the crew with the 
navigation systems aboard the EB-52.  The mission 
begins in the same way at Mission 1 above with the 
standard takeoff and identification procedures.  After 
identification is made, make sure that the autopilot is 
turned on and proceed to the navigator's station.

The Navigator Station has five modes.  Read
"Navigator Station" carefully, and then experiment
with each mode in the following ways:

Map Mode

o  With the FCS set to DISPLAY, use the small 
monitor to find information about time and distance 
to various waypoints.

o  With the FCS set to EDIT, use the small and large 
monitors to edit and restore waypoints.

o  With the WAYPOINT switch turned OFF, use the 
small monitor to display data about selected points on 
the large monitor.

Radar Mode

o  Experiment with the range settings.
o  Compare the high-resolution radar image in the 
large monitor with the low-resolution "TAC" image 
in the small monitor.

o  Experiment with temporary waypoints following 
the directions in "Navigator Station.  It is possible
to fly the aircraft exclusively from the Nav station
 at low altitudes, through mountains, etc.-by 
using temporary waypoints.

STV Mode

o  Use the ADJUST switch to practice looking in one 
direction while flying in another.

3  Radar Evasion

The goal of this mission is simply to fly from the first 
to the third waypoint without allowing the search 
radars to track you. 

Although it is possible to move the waypoints and 
avoid the radars altogether, or to jam every radar 
encountered, the idea is to learn how to evade radars 
when necessary.

The mission begins in the same way as Mission 1 
above with the standard takeoff and identification 
procedures.  After identification is made, try these 
techniques:

o  Determine the effects of altitude on detection.  
Remember, the EB-52 can "see" a search radar long 
before being seen, or tracked, itself. 

o  Attempt to thread the aircraft flight path through 
the radars, skimming the ranges at which it is likely to 
be detected. 

o  When evasion fails, jam the search radar signal 
from the EW station.

These skills are required for successful completion of 
any mission.  Remember:  The name of the game is 
EVASION.

o  During inflight refueling, use the external camera 
to observe the rendezvous.  Use the TARGET view to 
watch from the tanker aircraft's point of view.

5  1 MiG Evasion

Evading a MiG requires different tactics from those 
employed in shooting one down.  Because MiGs are 
usually directed, or vectored to locations by Ground 
Control Intercept (GCI) facilities (enemy radar 
stations), the best way to evade them is to evade 
enemy radars.  In this mission, the goal is to lose a 
MiG that has been vectored to the EB-52's location.

The difficult part of the task is knowing when the 
MiG is out there.  Since. like the EB-52, they 
generally fly with their passive radars running so as to 
avoid announcing their presence, it is necessary to 
turn the ATTACK active radar at the OW station on 
for brief periods to try to "paint" any enemy fighter 
that might be nearby.  To lose an enemy fighter there 
are only a few things a bomber can do.

o  Fly low and toward  mountain or some other part 
of the terrain, trying to lose the aircraft's radar image 
against the larger object.

o  Turn off all external lights.

o  Make sure ATTACK radar is OFF.

o  Turn and try to lose him.

A few observations:

All enemy fighters use the same general techniques:  
they pull in above and behind the EB-52, about 25 
miles out.  then they fire a pair of radar-guided 
missiles.  If those miss they move in closer and fire a 
couple of IR-guided missiles.  If they miss again they 
probably will have enough fuel left to try a pass with 
their guns.  If they still have fuel they may make a 
circle and one more gun pass before giving up and 
heading back to base.

Enemy fighter prefer visual sightings, avoiding use of 
their attack radars unless absolutely necessary.  But if 
they lose visual contact they may be forced to turn on 
their radars and reveal their locations.

If the EB-52 is being tailed by MiG, make sure the 
EW station's rear-looking infrared (RLIR) scanner is 
ON, and the AUTO CHAFF and AUTO FLARES 
switches turned ON.

If the EW Officer is fast and manages to pick up an 
enemy missile on the radar, it is possible to jam its 
guidance system with either the JAM SIGNAL or 
JAM IR buttons, depending on the type of missile 
fired.  Of course, this makes it easier for the MiG t 
locate the aircraft.

Finally, it is possible to turn out of the missile's way - 
depending on the speed and maneuverability of the 
missile.

6  2 MiG Evasion

If one enemy fighter is easy to evade, try two.

7  2 MiG Defense

If it becomes impossible to evade an enemy fighter, 
the crew will need to blow him out of the sky.  But 
remember: the ultimate mission is one in which the 
enemy never sees the EB-52-just a trail of wrecked 
installations and equipment.  This mission lets the 
crew practice mounting an active defense against two 
MiGs, using air-to-air missiles, air mines, chaff, and 
flares.

o  Load the EB-52 with AIM-120C and AIM-9R 
missiles 
o  Use the same tactics described in "1 MiG Evasion: 
above to counter the fighters' moves.
o  See "OW Station" to learn how to launch missiles
and air mines against the enemy.

8  3 MiG Defense

If two enemy fighters are easy to shoot down, try 
three.

9  Unopposed Bombing - 1

This  mission provides the crew with an opportunity 
to practice bombing runs, without any interference 
from the enemy.  The aircraft is pre-loaded with an 
assortment of ordnance, but requires fueling before 
takeoff.

Read "OW Station" and "Bombing Run" to prepare
for this mission.

10  Unopposed Bombing - 2

This mission provides the crew with an opportunity to 
practice bombing runs, without being intercepted by 
MiGs, surface-to air missiles (SAMs), or anti-aircraft 
artillery (AAA). Enemy search radars will be on the 
lookout for the EB-52.

The aircraft is pre-loaded with an assortment of 
ordnance, but requires fueling before takeoff (see 
"Loadout Screen," "Loadout," and "Ordnance".)

Read "OW Station", and "Bombing Run", and
practice radar evasion to prepare for this mission.

11  Unopposed Bombing  - 3

This mission provides the crew with an opportunity to 
practice bombing runs, without being intercepted by 
MiGs, surface-to-air missiles (AMSs), or anti-aircraft 
artillery (AAA).  Enemy search and SAM radars will 
be on the lookout for the EB-52.  

The aircraft is pre-loaded with an assortment of 
ordnance, but requires fueling before takeoff.

12  Bombing - 1

 This mission provides the crew with an opportunity 
to practice bombing runs, without being intercepted 
by surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), or anti-aircraft 
artillery (AAA).  Enemy MiGs will be on the lookout 
for the EB-52.

The aircraft is pre-loaded with an assortment of 
ordnance, but requires fueling before takeoff (see 
"Loadout Screen").

13  Bombing - 2

This mission provides the crew with an opportunity to 
practice bombing runs under fire.  Enemy MiGs, 
search radars, and SAM sites will be on the lookout 
for the EB-52.

The aircraft is pre-loaded with an assortment of 
ordnance, but requires fueling before takeoff (see 
"Loadout Screen", "Loadout" and "Ordnance".)

14  Full Bombing - 1

This mission provides the crew with an opportunity to 
practice bombing runs fully armed and under fire.  
enemy MiGs, search radars, and SAM sites will be on 
the lookout for the EB-52.  The target runaway is 
located at the 2nd waypoint.

15  Full Bombing - 2

This mission provides the crew with an opportunity to 
practice bombing runs fully armed and under fire.  
Enemy MiGs, search radars, and SAM sites will be 
on the lookout for the EB-52.  The target runaway is 
located at the 3rd waypoint, requiring more evasion 
along the way then in Full Bombing -1.

16   Multiple Targets

This mission provides three targets instead of one, as 
in the other practice bombing runs.  The EB-52 is 
fully armed and under fire.  Enemy MiGs, search 
radars, and SAM sites will be on the lookout for the 
EB-52.



.

PERSIAN GULF

By 1990, Iraq had the sixth largest military force in 
the whole world, with a reported 750,000 soldiers, 
1,400 combat aircraft, 3,000 anti-aircraft weapons, 
and 6,000 armored combat vehicles.  Iraq also 
commanded a very sophisticated command and 
control network that tied all of these weapons 
together over an expanse of territory roughly the size 
of California.

The 14 missions in Iraq and Kuwait follow 
Megafortress on a step-by-step campaign designed to 
neutralize the Iraqi war machine.

The Megafortress arrived secretly by ship in the 
region shortly after Christmas, 1990.  With the B-1B 
bombers grounded due to congressional inquiries and 
debates over safety, cot-cutting, military spending and 
payload size make it a logical candidate to follow the 
F-117As into Iraq.

Megafortress begins working for the coalition by 
destroying a key fighter air base in northwest Iraq, 
and eliminating key command and communication 
centers.  The Iraqis, trained by their eastern-bloc arms 
dealers, rely on the Soviet system of early warning-
ground control intercept (EW-GCI) targeting.  
Ground based radar controllers provide fighters with 
the coordinates of intruders, "vectoring" the fighters 
to locations "of interest".  Pilots are not trained to 
work independently of the system, as are the coalition 
pilots trained at Red Flag.  When the centralized 
control centers for this GCI system are destroyed, the 
Iraqi Air Defense Network is effectively blinded. 

Next, munitions supply facilities and a chemical 
weapons plant must be destroyed to prevent resupply 
of the Iraqi army in Kuwait.  Mobile SCUD launchers 
located near the chemical plant are also hit by the 
Megafortress.

The war broadens, and coalition F-16s and Tornados 
begin to raid southern Iraq.  But crews are forced by 
cautious commanders to dodge a critical Iraqi air 
base.  Megafortress is detailed to deliver a single 
devastating strike and eliminate the distraction.  Iraq's 
primary communications center, the International 
Communications Center (ICC) in Baghdad, is 
hammered next by the big bomber, along with the 
main power source for the capital city.  the Iraqis are 
cut off from the rest of the world.

The Republican Guard forces in Kuwait are the finest 
troops in Iraq's army and must be neutralized before 
the country can be retaken.  with its command center 
in southern Iraq shut down, the Guard itself can be 
attacked without an unreasonable loss of life.  Power 
generating facilities and transportation systems in the 
area are also destroyed. 

The southeastern approaches to Baghdad are heavily 
guarded by enemy fighter aircraft, and must be dealt 
with in order to reach the industrial areas housing 
Iraqi biological weapons production.  

Although the exact biological agents being produced 
are unknown, their potential as weapons of war is far 
more diabolical even then that of chemical weapons.

With Iraqi command and control centers, 
communications systems, power sources, munitions 
supply centers and central air defense bases under 
control in central Iraq, the Megafortress turns its 
attention southward, toward Kuwait.  A major 
Kuwaiti air base captured by the invading Iraqis is 
hit, and the Iraqi stronghold surrounding Basrah 
begins to feel the big bomber's iron fist pounding at 
the door.  Basrah is the main Iraqi citadel on Kuwait's 
borders,  and holds many of the keys to unlocking 
Iraq's stranglehold on it rich southern neighbor.  Air 
bases and the main supply routes into Kuwait are hit, 
and Iraq's budding nuclear weapons capability is 
damaged.

Coalition commanders follow through on the nuclear 
plant attack by using the Megafortress to strike north 
again, smashing an enriched uranium production 
facility outside of Baghdad.

As the Iraqi leaders face the truth - in private - about 
their situation, the Megafortress to strike north again, 
smashing an enriched uranium production facility 
outside of Baghdad.

As the Iraqi leaders face the truth - in private - about 
their situation, the Megafortress is detailed to destroy 
the primary transportation facility in Baghdad.  
Saddam/Baghdad International airport and its support 
facilities are leveled.  The military leadership is 
denied all but the most primitive means of escape.

Megafortress is now sent to destroy the Iraq army's 
heavily-fortified central command complex in 
Baghdad.  With its central command structure 
smashed, the remaining Iraqi forces in Kuwait are 
completely cut off.

In its final missions, Megafortress destroys the 
remnants of Iraq's once-proud air force, and closes 
the enemy's remaining supply routes into Kuwait in 
preparation for the ground assault.  Finally, it shuts 
down Kuwait International Airport.  The Iraqis are 
defeated, and the Megafortress once again slips away 
into the shadows of the USAF's top secret weapons 
programs.  

Mission details for the Persian Gulf and Flight of the 
Old Dog are classified, and will be available only 
during mission assignment of the mission itself. 


Megafortress Extra Mission "Escape from Seattle"

1)	The scenario starts out at 31,000 ft heading East.
2)	Turn due West.
3)	Report in with the Transponder once, then turn it off.
4)	Turn off all light, both internal and external.
5)	Put your radar in scan mode.
6)	Point nose at a -60 degree angle.
7)	Cut engines to 55%
8)	Set TAC at 108 ft, but don't turn it on yet.
9)	When altitude reaches 200 ft you'll get a message,
     "They've lost us on radar" then turn on the TAC.

Refueling from the tanker:

1)	Find the tanker on radar.
2)	Set altitude to 10,000 ft.
3)	Close the range as fast as possible.
4)	Do not report in with the transponder, instead lock
     an AMRAM onto the tanker.

